"/>
"/>
在中國許多大城市的邊緣，在近十年間“生長”出了一批面向老年人生活的社區(qū)。無論出于何種目的，它們不一而同地散發(fā)出一種溫情與悲情交織的烏托邦氣質(zhì)。
Over the past decade, numerous retirement communities have been built on the outskirts of big cities in China. These communities often carry an atmosphere that combines warmth and sadness. We call it Seniortopia, which means utopia for seniors.
一群從現(xiàn)實生活中“脫嵌”出來的人，他們年齡相仿，或許有著類似的生活際遇，抑或?qū)ξ磥淼哪：胂?；他們接受壓縮的私人空間，但享受著完善的公共設施，一種“集體化的家庭生活”；他們努力在這四墻之內(nèi)重新建立社交圈，參加組織良好的活動，將陌生的生活變成熟悉的日常。
Elderly residences embedded from their familiar social network and moved into these seniortopias. They may be of similar age, share comparable life experiences, and harbor vague imaginations about their future. Despite having access to well-equipped public facilities, they accept compressed private spaces and live in a collective family-like environment. In this limited new space, they strive to rebuild social circles, participate in pre-arranged activities, and gradually familiarize themselves with the unfamiliar surroundings and people.
2017年新發(fā)展怡福薈項目啟動，我們所做的第一步，便是對這種“烏托邦情結(jié)”發(fā)起了討論：社區(qū)是否必須封閉？老人是否是唯一住戶？配套設施到底服務何人？我是否愿意常住其中？……
隨著方案的深入，我們與業(yè)主找到了共同的信念：我們不要一個內(nèi)向的“老年烏托邦”，而是面向“所有人”開放的社區(qū)。
When this project launched in 2017, our first step was to question this "utopian sentiment": Must communities be closed off? Should the elderly be the only residents? Whom should the facilities serve? … Would I myself want to live here long-term? As the design study progressed, we found the common ground with the client: we didn't want an isolated "seniortopia" but rather an open community for "all".
▲ 面向“所有人”的社區(qū)An open community for "all"
01. 邊緣的風景 / Urban Fringe Landscape
▲ 項目周邊是分散的村莊、農(nóng)田，典型中國式城市邊緣風景Surrounding area of the site
項目位于距離上海市中心約30公里的奉賢區(qū)奉城鎮(zhèn)，周邊由分散的村莊，大面積農(nóng)田及大尺度路網(wǎng)組成的典型中國式“城市邊緣風景”。
Our project is located in Fengcheng Town, Fengxian District, approximately 30 kilometers from downtown Shanghai. The surroundings consist of villages, vast farmlands, and extensive transportation networks, creating a typical Chinese "urban fringe landscape."
項目占地12萬㎡，建筑面積約20萬㎡。地塊原為工業(yè)用地，在城市更新的大背景下，轉(zhuǎn)性成為社會福利，醫(yī)療及文化設施的混合用地，這從側(cè)面反映出政府部門對我們提出的開放型多元社區(qū)想法的支持與政策響應。
The site occupies 120,000 square meters, with total floor area of approximately 200,000 square meters. The site, originally industrial land, has been transformed under the urban renewal agenda into a mixed-use area for social welfare, medical, and cultural facilities. This transformation reflects government's support and policy responses to our vision of an open, diversified community. .
▲ 小鎮(zhèn)中心鳥瞰 Aerial view of the village center
于是，我們的討論進一步演變成為：如何讓社區(qū)變得更加具有吸引力，不僅為未來的住戶提供便利，也能為更大范圍的周邊村民帶來更多的可能性，從而為這片城市邊緣區(qū)創(chuàng)造一個中心。這個讓“養(yǎng)老社區(qū)”成為“區(qū)域活力中心”的想法讓我們興奮不已。
Our discussions then shifted to making the community more attractive, which creates a central hub of this "urban fringe landscape", not only for future residents but also for their neighborhood. The idea of turning a retirement community into a "regional vitality center" excited us.
▲ 22個盒子組成的“小鎮(zhèn)中心”成為“區(qū)域活力中心”的關鍵所在"Village center" in the project composed of 22 boxes
02. 名稱的改變 / Name Changing
項目建成前不久，運營團隊告訴我們，項目名稱從“怡福薈社區(qū)”改成了“新發(fā)展怡福薈康養(yǎng)小鎮(zhèn)”。這個看似微小的變化讓大家感慨不已：我們看到了運營理念與規(guī)劃理念在不斷靠近。
At the conceptual design stage, we had proposed the idea of "village-like" community with the design approach from an urban perspective. This idea pushed us constantly to create richer public space forms, more open traffic arrangements, and flexible cluster divisions. It was conceived as a multifaceted space that balances living, socializing, culture, and residence.
▲ 原始功能的解構(gòu)與重組，創(chuàng)造積極的城市生活場景The deconstruction and reorganization of original functions
我們持續(xù)和運營方探討如何從“社區(qū)型管理”向“城市化服務”轉(zhuǎn)變的可能，如何讓空間和服務支持豐富的社群發(fā)展。由此帶來的對運營的挑戰(zhàn)是不言而喻的，所幸的是大家對項目“多元+開放”的內(nèi)核都深信不疑。
We continued discussions with the operations team on transitioning from "community-based management" to "urban public services" and on how spaces and services could support a vibrant community. We knew this would present significant challenges for operations, but fortunately, everyone believed in the project's core principles of "diversity + openness."
▲ 多元，開放，面向所有人的社區(qū)A diverse, open, and inclusive community for all
03. INSIDE OUT
傳統(tǒng)配套的空間落位不外乎位于社區(qū)中心的“內(nèi)向型”或者貼臨城市的“外向型”。我們的想法是嘗試一種“Inside out”內(nèi)外穿插的辦法。
Traditional community facilities are either "inward-facing" community centers or "outward-facing" urban public space. Our approach was to explore an "inside-out" strategy.
配套用地呈橫向的“T”型，面向城市界面展開的同時深入社區(qū)內(nèi)部，從而獲得對外和對內(nèi)最大的接觸面，吸引外部市民和社區(qū)居民在此處匯聚。
The area of facilities are arranged in a horizontal "T" shape, extending towards the urban interface while penetrating into the inside of community. This maximizes external and internal interfaces attracting both urban citizens and community residents to gather.
▲ 俯瞰 Top view
▲ T型配套面向城市界面的同時深入社區(qū)內(nèi)部The T-shaped amenities face the urban interface and extend into the community
由此帶來的另一個效應，是各個居住組團獲得了一定程度上的公共性，同時也變得更加獨立。
我們設想的狀態(tài)是未來生活區(qū)的管理邊界收縮至每一個居住組團，讓剩余的空間都具有面向公眾開放的可能性。這種對于“公”與“私”的邊界的討論也是項目推進中一個持續(xù)的議題，相信也將伴隨著社區(qū)的發(fā)展不斷會被重新提起。
This layout also had another effect: each residential cluster gained more publicity while becoming more independent. Our envisioned future state is for management boundaries to shrink to individual residential clusters, allowing the remaining spaces to be fully open to the public. The negotiation between "public" and "private" boundaries became an ongoing topic throughout the project and will likely remain relevant as the community evolves.
▲ 城市界面的文體綜合樓與深入內(nèi)部街區(qū)的小鎮(zhèn)中心Sports Complex at the urban interface and village center embedded in the internal streets
04. 獨立與連接 / Connectivity
無論是直接面向城市“文體綜合服務樓”還是深入內(nèi)部的“小鎮(zhèn)客廳”，我們盡可能將各種功能模塊從建筑的“整體性”中解放出來，讓它們擁有相對獨立的形體并直接面向公共空間（廣場，街巷，庭院）。設計的初衷是希望它們成為擁有獨立“地址”的場所，并在未來具備獨立發(fā)展變化的可能。
Whether the Centralized Sports Complex facing the city or the decentralized facilities deep inside, we aimed to liberate functional modules from the "integrity" of architecture. These modules have relatively independent forms, directly facing public spaces such as plazas, alleys, and courtyards. Our design intent was to create places with their own "addresses," offering the potential for independent development in the future.
▲ 文體綜合樓作為主入口，以敞開姿態(tài)面向城市及區(qū)域人流Sports Complex as the main entrance
與此同時，設計還加入了三個環(huán)形動線將它們互相連接：“綜合服務樓”的“運動環(huán)”，“小鎮(zhèn)中心”二樓的“興趣環(huán)”及一樓的“探索環(huán)”。這些具有不同的空間形態(tài)特征的“環(huán)”不僅僅是高效的交通空間，也是重要的活動及交流場所。
Additionally, we designed three circular routes to connect them: the "Activity Loop" in the Sports Complex, the "Interest Loop" on the second floor of the decentralized facilities and the "Exploration Loop" on the ground floor. These loops, with varying spatial characteristics, serve not only as efficient transit paths but also as key spaces for activities and social interactions.
▲ 位于項目入口的綜合服務樓內(nèi)有一條“運動環(huán)”A "sports loop" in the Sports Complex
▲ 綜合服務樓各樓層功能及運動環(huán)分析圖Analysis diagram of functions and sports loop on each floor of the Sports Complex
▲ 綜合服務樓立面Facade of the Sports Complex
▲ 位于綜合服務樓屋面的“運動環(huán)”跑道Activity track located on the roof of the Sports Complex
位于主入口面向城市人交流綜合服務樓承載了大量文體類功能業(yè)態(tài)，通透的玻璃連廊以極大的橫向跨度連接了左右兩側(cè)綜合樓主體建筑，實現(xiàn)功能和空間上“無障礙”貫通，進而構(gòu)成“運動環(huán)”。
The Sports Complex at the main entrance, it was designed for urban engagement, host numerous cultural and sports functions. Transparent glass corridors with large horizontal spans connect the main buildings on either side, forming an "Activity Loop".
▲ 小鎮(zhèn)中心一層的 "隱藏式”風雨連廊構(gòu)成了一條“探索環(huán)”The "hidden" covered corridor on the ground floor of the village center forms an "exploration loop"
▲ 二層的玻璃連廊和走廊陽臺體系構(gòu)成“興趣環(huán)”Second-floor glass corridors and balcony systems forming an "interest loop"
位于小鎮(zhèn)中心22個盒子二層的玻璃連廊和走廊陽臺體系，共同構(gòu)成了一條貫穿整個區(qū)域的環(huán)線。
同樣是這22個盒子，由二層建筑樓板和連廊巧妙構(gòu)成的“風雨連廊”，于小鎮(zhèn)中心配套場地的一層，構(gòu)建出一條貫穿在各個大小院子中的有趣環(huán)線。
The 22 boxes in the Village Center are connected by second-floor glass corridors and balcony pathways, forming a continuous loop across the area. The same 22 boxes also feature a "covered corridor" created by the second-floor slabs and bridges, weaving through various courtyards on the ground level.
▲ 在二層的連廊和陽臺體系，一些有趣的活動經(jīng)常在發(fā)生Various interesting activities often occur in the second-floor corridor and balcony system
▲ 因二層連廊而創(chuàng)造出一層的“隱藏式”風雨連廊穿梭在各類大小院子間The corridors create the "hidden" covered corridors on the ground floor, weaving through the courtyards
▲ 新發(fā)展怡福薈康養(yǎng)小鎮(zhèn)內(nèi)，位于小鎮(zhèn)中心內(nèi)的下沉式廣場The Sunken Plaza of the project
05. 非正式交流 / Informal Spaces
友好舒適的社交活動往往是“非正式“的，它們時常發(fā)生在“之間”（Inbetween）或者空間的邊緣，是閑逛與無聊的產(chǎn)物，同時也是因人、因時而異。
Friendly and comfortable social activities are often "informal." They frequently occur in "in-between" spaces or edges, born from wandering and idleness, and vary with time and people.
項目里的“小鎮(zhèn)中心”，由一系列上下錯位疊合的院落組成。在設計過程中，我們一方面想要努力做到“精準”控制場景，一方面又希望能夠留出一定的設計“容差”。
The decentralized facilities consists of a series of staggered and overlapping courtyards. During the design process, we sought to precisely control scenes while leaving room for design "tolerance."
如此，最終在場地內(nèi)產(chǎn)生了眾多令人感到意外和驚喜的零散小空間：它們或是轉(zhuǎn)角處的露臺，或是過街樓上方的天井，或是被小徑穿越的院落……許多有趣的角落、視線關系，直到建成后才被發(fā)現(xiàn)，而我們也希望這份對空間的好奇心，能夠傳遞給未來的住戶和訪客們。
As a surprised result, numerous delightful small spaces emerged on the site — terraces at corners, skylights above, courtyards by the paths. Many fascinating nooks and sightlines were discovered only after completion. We hope this sense of spatial curiosity will be shared with future residents and visitors.
▲ 小鎮(zhèn)中心體塊推敲 Village center massing studies
▲ 疊合關系形成的院落 Stacked courtyards
▲ 坐落在主軸線上的工作坊入口廊The studio entrance is located on the main axis
▲ 一條玻璃坡道通廊架空連接綜合服務樓左右兩側(cè)的2~3FAn elevated glass ramp corridor connects the left and right sides of the Sports Complex at levels 2 to 3
06. 成長的可能 / Growth Potential
就在撰文前不久，來自運營團隊的消息，項目北側(cè)的親子農(nóng)場已經(jīng)開放了，接下來還準備在圖書館辦敦煌與當代藝術展，同時他們還希望我們也能盡快入駐小鎮(zhèn)中心的藝術家工作室……
The first floor of the decentralized facilities is scattered with "undefined" spaces, including 22 inward-facing studios and outward-facing glass boxes, which could be flower shops, cafes, clubs, and salons.
▲ 庭院分析 Courtyard analysis
▲ 院子 Courtyards
▲ 工作室 Studios
“綜合服務樓”四米多寬的連廊同樣未被定義，最初的想法是作為鄰近功能空間的延伸，而現(xiàn)在，運營者們對此已經(jīng)有了更多有趣的想法：空中畫廊，健身環(huán)道……我們也樂于看到使用者們能夠?qū)臻g進行進一步的創(chuàng)作。
The over-four-meter-wide corridors of the Sports Complex are also undefined. The initial idea of the design was to use them as extensions of adjacent functional spaces. The operations team now envisions them as aerial galleries, fitness loops, and more. We're pleased to see users embracing the space with further creative interpretations.
我們設計的起點源自一種“反烏托邦”情結(jié)，最后似乎又進入了另外一種“烏托邦”的理想：一個面向所有人的多元，開放，成長的社區(qū)。而這個理想的實現(xiàn)，從項目建成的那一刻才真正開始。
Our idea began with an "anti-utopian" sentiment but seemed to evolve into another form of utopia: a diverse, open, and evolving community for all. We seem to have forgotten this is a community for elderly, and this is precisely the beginning of realizing the ideal.
▲ 用餐中的長者 Elderly residents dining
08. 圖紙 / Draws
▲ 總平 Master plan
▲ 平面-小鎮(zhèn)中心地面層 1F plan of Village Center
▲ 平面-小鎮(zhèn)中心2層 2F plan of Village Center
▲ 平面-小鎮(zhèn)中心屋面層 Roof plan of Village Center
▲ 平面-綜合樓地面層 1F plan of Sprots Complex
▲ 平面-綜合樓9.5米標高位置9.5m elevation plan of Sprots Complex
▲ 平面-綜合樓屋面層 Roof plan of Sprots Complex
▲ 剖面-小鎮(zhèn)中心的多級庭院 Sections - Multi-level courtyards of Village Center
▲ 剖面-小鎮(zhèn)中心 Sections of Village Center
▲ 剖面-綜合樓 Sections of Sprots Complex
詳細信息
項目名稱：上海新發(fā)展怡福薈康養(yǎng)小鎮(zhèn)
業(yè)主單位：新發(fā)展集團
運營單位：上海信養(yǎng)養(yǎng)老服務有限公司
項目地點：上海，奉賢區(qū)
用地種類：醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生、社會福利用地
策劃/建筑設計：GN棲城設計
主創(chuàng)建筑師：管軼群、史梁
設計團隊：叢燕飛、施政磊、袁呈翔、尹桂林
施工圖設計：中船第九設計研究院
設計時間：2017年
建成時間：2022年
項目規(guī)模：27 萬㎡
攝 影：梁文軍
獲 獎：
2024 WAF世界建筑節(jié)入圍獎；
2023《財富》中國最佳設計獎；
2023 上海建筑學會佳作獎；
2021 WAN Awards Future Projects-Healthcare GOLD（醫(yī)療康養(yǎng)建筑·金獎）；
…
Informations
Project Name: Joyful Community, Shanghai
Client: New Development Group
Operations: Citic Aged Care
Location: Fengxian District, Shanghai
Land Type: Healthcare and Social Welfare
Architectural Design: GN Architects
Chief Architects: Guan Yiqun, Shi Liang
Design Team: Cong Yanfei, Shi Zhenglei, Yuan Chengxiang, Yin Guilin
Photography: Liang Wenjun
Awards:
2024 World Architecture Festival (WAF) / Shorlist;
2023 FORTUNE Magazine China Best Designs / Winner;
2023 ASSC The Architecture Creation Award / Masterpiece;
2021 WAN Awards Future Projects / Gold;
